CentOS7 下安装 Python3.8.5

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一、前置条件

1）安装依赖

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yum -y install libffi-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make

2）更新 openssl

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wget --no-check-certificate   https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1t.tar.gz
tar -zxvf openssl-1.1.1t.tar.gz
cd openssl-1.1.1t/
./config --prefix=/usr/local/my_openssl
make
make install

mv /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/oldopenssl
ln -s /usr/local/my_openssl/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl
ln -s /usr/local/my_openssl/lib/libssl.so.1.1 /usr/lib64/
ln -s /usr/local/my_openssl/lib/libcrypto.so.1.1  /usr/lib64/

二、下载解压

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wget https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/python/3.8.5/Python-3.8.5.tgz

tar -zxvf Python-3.8.5.tgz

三、编译安装

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cd Python-3.8.5

# 链接到新版本OpenSSL
./configure --with-openssl=/usr/local/my_openssl  --prefix=/usr/local/python3

make clean && make && make install

四、配置环境变量并创建软连接

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# vim /etc/profile

export PYTHON_HOME=/usr/local/python3
export PATH=$PYTHON_HOME/bin:$PATH

# 使环境变量生效
source /etc/profile

# 创建软连接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.8 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.8 /usr/bin/pip3

五、配置清华源

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pip3 config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

六、测试

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# 查看 python 版本
python3 -V

# 查看 pip 版本
pip3 -V

# 查看 python 环境变量
echo $PYTHON_HOME